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Gas Sub-Cooled Process (GSP) Calculator

GPSA Section 16 · Ortloff GSP Process · Cryogenic NGL Recovery

Gas Sub-Cooled Process (GSP) Design Calculator
Evaluates the Ortloff GSP cryogenic process for NGL recovery. Calculates turboexpander power, demethanizer reflux requirements, and achievable ethane/propane recovery based on split-vapor flow configuration per GPSA Section 16.

Feed Gas Conditions

MMSCFD
psia
°F
Typical: 600-1200 psia inlet; feed must be dehydrated

Feed Composition

mol%
mol%
Lean gas: 2-5% C2; Rich gas: 6-12% C2

GSP Process Configuration

%
°F
psia
Expander split: 60-75% typical; Subcooler: -80 to -120°F

About the GSP Process

The Gas Sub-Cooled Process (GSP), developed by Ortloff Engineers in the 1970s, is the most widely adopted cryogenic NGL recovery method. It splits cold separator vapor into two streams:

  • Main stream (60-75%): Expanded through turboexpander for power recovery and cooling
  • Subcooler stream (25-40%): Cooled by demethanizer overhead, then feeds column top as cold reflux

Typical Performance

  • Ethane recovery: 85-96% (standard GSP)
  • Propane recovery: 98-99.5%
  • Specific power: 20-35 HP/MMSCFD
  • Expander efficiency: 82-88% isentropic

Design Considerations

  • Feed must be dehydrated to <0.1 ppmw H₂O to prevent hydrate formation
  • CO₂ content >2% requires special attention below -70°F (freeze risk)
  • Higher subcooler split increases recovery but reduces expander power
  • RSV or CRR process variants achieve >96% ethane recovery

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Gas Sub-Cooled Process (GSP) for NGL recovery?

The GSP is a cryogenic NGL recovery process where the feed is split into two streams: the main stream (60-75%) is expanded through a turboexpander for power recovery and cooling, while the subcooler stream (25-40%) is cooled by demethanizer overhead to provide cold reflux to the column top.

What ethane and propane recovery can the GSP process achieve?

Standard GSP achieves 85-96% ethane recovery and 98-99.5% propane recovery. The process operates with cryogenic demethanizer temperatures of -120°F to -150°F and typical specific power consumption of 20-35 HP/MMSCFD.

What are the feed requirements for a GSP cryogenic plant?

The GSP process requires dehydrated feed gas at typical inlet pressures of 600-1200 psia. Feed must be dried to prevent ice and hydrate formation in the cryogenic sections of the plant.

What is the typical turboexpander efficiency in GSP plants?

Turboexpander isentropic efficiency is typically 82-88% in GSP plants. The expander recovers power from the gas expansion while providing the cooling needed for NGL condensation and recovery.

What is a GSP (Gas Subcooled Process) calculator used for?

It is used to design cryogenic NGL recovery plants, calculating turboexpander power, demethanizer reflux, and ethane/propane recovery per GPSA Section 16.

What outputs does the GSP cryogenic calculator provide?

It calculates turboexpander power requirements, demethanizer reflux ratios, and ethane and propane recovery percentages.

What standard does this GSP calculator follow?

The calculator follows GPSA Section 16 methods for cryogenic NGL recovery plant design.