Safety & Relief Systems

27 calculators for pressure relief, flare design, fire modeling, and safety analysis per API 520, API 521, NFPA, and IEC standards.

Pressure Relief Sizing

Relief Valve Sizing

API 520 / API 521

Size pressure safety valves for gas, liquid, steam, and two-phase service per API 520.

API 520 PSV/PRV Gas & Liquid

Fire Relief Sizing

API 521 Fire Case

Calculate fire-case relief loads for vessels and equipment using API 521 wetted area and heat input methods.

API 521 Fire Case Wetted Area

Reaction Relief

Runaway Reaction

Size emergency relief devices for runaway exothermic reactions using DIERS methodology and vent sizing.

DIERS Runaway Vent Sizing

PSV Inlet Pressure Loss

API 520 Part II 3% Rule

Verify inlet piping pressure drop to PSV stays within the API 520 3% accumulated backpressure limit.

API 520 3% Rule Inlet Loss

PSV Header Sizing

Relief Header Backpressure

Size relief valve outlet headers and check built-up backpressure for multiple PSV discharge piping systems.

Header Backpressure Outlet Piping

Tank Vent Sizing

API 2000

Size tank breathing vents for normal thermal breathing, liquid movement, and emergency fire-case venting per API 2000.

API 2000 PVRV Breathing
Ω

Two-Phase Relief (DIERS Omega)

DIERS / Leung 1986 / API 520 §A.3

Saturated-liquid omega ω, Leung explicit critical-pressure ratio η_c, critical mass flux G_crit, and API 526 orifice selection (D–T) for two-phase PSV sizing.

DIERS Omega API 526

Rupture Disc Sizing

API 520 / ASME VIII UG-127

Gas (critical), liquid (Q-form), and steam (Napier) rupture disc area sizing with K_d/K_c factors, burst tolerance ±5%, and NPS selection (1–10 in).

UG-127 Gas/Liquid/Steam

Flare & Disposal Systems

Emergency Systems

Fire & Consequence Modeling

Consequence Modeling

Dispersion & Release

Model gas release consequences including dispersion distances, hazard zones, and toxic/flammable cloud extents.

Dispersion Hazard Zone QRA

Jet Fire Radiation

Pressurized Gas Flame

Calculate thermal radiation from pressurized gas jet fires including flame length, tilt angle, and exclusion zones.

Jet Fire Radiation Flame Length

Pool Fire Modeling

Burning Rate & Flame Height

Model liquid pool fire radiation with burning rate, flame height, view factor, and thermal exclusion zones.

Pool Fire Burning Rate View Factor

BLEVE Fireball

Boiling Liquid Explosion

Calculate BLEVE fireball diameter, duration, and thermal radiation for pressurized liquid vessel failure scenarios.

BLEVE Fireball Vessel Failure

Gas Loss from Hole

Leak Rate Calculation

Calculate gas release rates through pipe holes and cracks for consequence analysis and emergency planning.

Leak Rate Orifice Flow Release

Combustion & Flammability

LEL/UEL Limits

Calculate lower and upper explosive limits for gas mixtures, flash points, and auto-ignition temperatures.

LEL/UEL Flash Point Le Chatelier

Fire Water Demand

NFPA 15 Deluge Sizing

Calculate fire water demand for deluge systems, monitors, and hydrants per NFPA 15 and facility risk assessment.

NFPA 15 Deluge Water Demand
H₂S

H₂S Toxic Plume (Pasquill-Briggs)

Briggs 1973 / AIHA ERPG / RMP §68

Gaussian dispersion with Briggs σ_y/σ_z (rural+urban × A-F stability), ground-level concentration, and bisection-solved distance to ERPG-2 (30 ppm) / ERPG-3 (100 ppm).

ERPG-2/3 Setback

Process Safety & Emissions

HAZOP Analysis

Hazard & Operability Study

Structured HAZOP worksheet tool with guide words, deviations, causes, consequences, and safeguard documentation.

HAZOP PHA Guide Words

LOPA Calculator

Layer of Protection Analysis

Calculate mitigated event frequency using independent protection layers, initiating event frequency, and PFD values.

LOPA IPL SIL Target

SIL Verification

IEC 61508 / IEC 61511

Verify safety instrumented function PFD against SIL target using sensor, logic solver, and final element failure rates.

IEC 61511 SIF/SIS PFD

Fugitive Emissions

EPA Method 21 / LDAR

Estimate fugitive emissions from valves, flanges, pumps, and connectors using EPA emission factors and LDAR data.

EPA Method 21 LDAR VOC

Pneumatic Device Emissions

EPA OOOOa

Calculate methane emissions from pneumatic controllers and pumps per EPA NSPS OOOOa reporting requirements.

OOOOa Methane Pneumatics

GHG Emissions Estimator

EPA 40 CFR

Estimate greenhouse gas emissions from combustion, venting, and flaring for EPA Subpart W reporting.

EPA 40 CFR Subpart W CO2e

Tank Emissions (AP-42 Ch 7.1)

EPA AP-42 / 40 CFR 60 Kb/OOOOa

Standing + working loss for fixed/IFR/EFR tanks with K_E expansion, K_S saturation, K_N turnover factor, crude/gasoline TVP, plus NSPS Kb / OOOOa / Title V threshold chips.

AP-42 §7.1 NSPS Kb

Floating Roof Seal Loss (Detailed)

EPA AP-42 §7.1.4 Tables 7.1-8/12

Rim seal (mech-shoe / liquid-mounted / vapor-mounted, primary + secondary), withdrawal, deck-fitting (gauge, drain, sample, vac breaker), and bolted deck-seam losses.

EFR / IFR NSPS Kb

Tank Dike / Secondary Containment

40 CFR §112 SPCC / NFPA 30 §22.11

SPCC 110% / NFPA 100% containment-volume check with rain allowance, freeboard, multi-tank base-area subtraction, and recommended dike height when deficient.

SPCC NFPA 30

Loading Rack (Truck / Rail / Marine)

NFPA 30 §28 / 40 CFR 60 Subpart XX

Bay count, arm count, pump HP, VOC emission factors (Crude/Gasoline/Diesel/NGL), VRU capture credit, and NSPS XX / Title V trigger chips.

NFPA 30 VRU

Safety System Selection Guide

OVERPRESSURE Pressure Relief Design

Start here for any new vessel or equipment requiring overpressure protection.

EMERGENCY DEPRESSURING Blowdown & Isolation

Required for high-pressure systems >1000 psig or inventories with fire exposure risk.

DISPERSION & FIRE Consequence Analysis

Use for facility siting studies, QRA, and equipment spacing verification.

Engineering Fundamentals