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Ethane Recovery Process Calculator

GPSA Ch. 16 / Cryogenic Processing

Ethane Recovery Process Calculator
Sizes cryogenic ethane recovery plants using turboexpander-based processes with demethanizer column. Evaluates GSP, CRR, ISS, and conventional JT expansion configurations to calculate expander power, C₂ recovery efficiency, NGL product rates, and demethanizer sizing per GPSA Ch. 16.
GPSA Ch. 16 GPA 2140
Calculation Mode:
Design: Size ethane recovery plant from feed gas conditions and target recovery.

Feed Gas Conditions

MMSCFD
°F
psig

Feed Composition (mol%)

Process Parameters

%
%
%
psig

Typical Ethane Recovery Operating Conditions

Parameter Range
Demethanizer Pressure350–450 psig
Expander Outlet Temp−130 to −150°F
C₂ Recovery (GSP)85–95%
C₂ Recovery (Conv.)40–60%
Expander Efficiency78–87%

Engineering Basis

Turboexpander Isentropic Work:

Wexp = m · (hin − hout,s) · ηexp

Where m = mass flow rate, hin = inlet enthalpy, hout,s = isentropic outlet enthalpy, ηexp = expander isentropic efficiency.

C₂ Recovery Efficiency:

ηC2 = (C₂ in NGL product) / (C₂ in feed gas) × 100%

Recovery efficiency depends on process configuration: CRR > ISS > GSP > Conventional JT.

Gas Subcooled Process (GSP): Splits the chilled gas into two streams — one feeds the demethanizer top as reflux (subcooled liquid), the other is expanded through the turboexpander. This configuration achieves 85–95% ethane recovery.

Demethanizer Sizing: Column diameter sized from vapor/liquid traffic. Number of theoretical stages determined by required separation sharpness between C₁ and C₂.

Design Guidelines

GSP Process: Gas Subcooled Process achieves 85–95% ethane recovery by splitting chilled gas into reflux and expander streams. Most common for high C₂ recovery.
CRR Process: Cold Residue Recycle can achieve 92–97% C₂ recovery by recycling a portion of cold residue gas as additional reflux.
Ethane Rejection: Plants can be operated in ethane rejection mode (C₃+ recovery only) when ethane prices are unfavorable.

Frequently Asked Questions

What process configurations does the ethane recovery calculator evaluate?

The calculator evaluates GSP (gas subcooled process), CRR (cold residue recycle), ISS (internal stripping sequence), and conventional JT expansion configurations for cryogenic ethane recovery per GPSA Ch. 16.

What is typical ethane recovery efficiency with a turboexpander?

Modern turboexpander-based cryogenic plants achieve ethane recovery efficiencies of 85–95%+ depending on the process configuration. GSP and CRR processes offer the highest Cā‚‚ recovery at equivalent power consumption.

How is demethanizer column size calculated?

The demethanizer column diameter is determined from the vapor and liquid traffic at the design flood fraction. The calculator uses feed composition, expander outlet conditions, and GPSA Ch. 16 methods for column sizing.

What role does the turboexpander play in ethane recovery?

The turboexpander provides isentropic cooling by expanding high-pressure feed gas, generating cryogenic temperatures needed for ethane condensation. Recovered shaft power drives the residue gas recompressor, improving plant efficiency.