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Wobbe Index Calculator

Gas Interchangeability Assessment

Wobbe Index Calculator
Calculate the Wobbe Index and AGA interchangeability indices for natural gas quality assessment. Enter gas composition or known heating value and specific gravity to evaluate gas interchangeability per ISO 6976, EN 437, GPA 2172, and AGA Report No. 5.

Calculation Mode

Gas Composition (mol%)

Enter mole percentages. Total must equal 100%.

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Total: 100.00%

Gas Temperature (for Modified Wobbe)

°F

Reference temperature (60°F) used if equal. Different values affect Modified Wobbe Index.

Understanding the Wobbe Index

What is Wobbe Index?
The Wobbe Index (WI = HHV / sqrt(SG)) measures gas interchangeability. Two gases with the same WI deliver equal heat through the same burner orifice at the same pressure.
Typical Ranges (Btu/scf):
Pipeline gas: 1,310 - 1,390
LNG regas: 1,350 - 1,420
Propane-air: 1,330 - 1,380
Where Wobbe Index is Used:
Gas turbine fuel specs, burner design, LNG cargo assessment, gas blending optimization, pipeline gas quality tariffs, distribution network interchangeability, custody transfer quality specifications.

Formula

WI = HHV / √SG
WI = Wobbe Index (Btu/scf)
HHV = Gross heating value (Btu/scf)
SG = Specific gravity (air = 1.0)
MWI = HHV / √(SG × Tgas/Tref)
WInet = LHV / √SG

Standards & References

  • ISO 6976
    Natural Gas - Calculation of Calorific Values
  • EN 437
    Test Gases, Test Pressures, Appliance Categories
  • GPA 2172
    Calculation of Gross Heating Value
  • GPA 2145
    Physical Constants for Hydrocarbons
  • AGA Report No. 5
    Natural Gas Interchangeability
  • AGA Bulletin No. 36
    Interchangeability of Other Fuel Gases

Engineering Notes

  • Interchangeability: Gases within ±5% Wobbe Index are generally interchangeable
  • Gas turbines: Modified Wobbe Index is critical for GT fuel specs (typically MWI 40-55 MJ/m³)
  • LNG quality: Wobbe Index determines whether LNG cargo can be delivered to specific markets
  • Hydrogen blending: H2 addition lowers both HHV and SG, affecting Wobbe differently than simple dilution
  • Inerts: N2 and CO2 reduce HHV and increase MW, lowering Wobbe Index
  • C3+ content: Higher heavies increase HHV and SG; net effect depends on composition

Quick Reference — Typical Wobbe Values

  • Pure methane: WI ≈ 1,357 Btu/scf
  • Lean pipeline gas (SG 0.58): WI ≈ 1,340 Btu/scf
  • Rich pipeline gas (SG 0.65): WI ≈ 1,364 Btu/scf
  • LNG (Qatar): WI ≈ 1,388 Btu/scf
  • 10% H2 blend: WI ≈ 1,316 Btu/scf

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Wobbe Index?

The Wobbe Index (WI) is a measure of gas interchangeability defined as the higher heating value (HHV) divided by the square root of specific gravity: WI = HHV / sqrt(SG). Two gases with the same Wobbe Index will deliver the same thermal input to a burner at the same gas pressure, making it the primary criterion for fuel gas substitution.

What is the typical Wobbe Index range for natural gas?

Pipeline-quality natural gas typically has a Wobbe Index between 1,310 and 1,390 Btu/scf. The acceptable interchangeability band is usually plus or minus 5% of the target gas Wobbe Index. LNG regasification gas ranges from 1,350 to 1,420 Btu/scf depending on source.

What are the AGA interchangeability indices?

The American Gas Association defines three interchangeability indices: IL (Lifting Index) for flame stability, IF (Flashback Index) for flashback tendency, and IY (Yellow Tip Index) for incomplete combustion. All three must fall within acceptable ranges (typically IL = 0.8-1.2, IF < 1.2, IY < 0.8) for safe gas substitution.

What is the Modified Wobbe Index (MWI)?

The Modified Wobbe Index accounts for gas temperature by including a temperature ratio: MWI = HHV / sqrt(SG x T_gas/T_ref). It is commonly used for gas turbine fuel specifications where fuel gas temperature varies. Typical gas turbine MWI spec is 40-55 MJ/m3 or equivalent in Btu/scf.