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Vortex Breaker / Outlet Submergence

Equipment design · Anti-vortex submergence · ANSI/HI 9.8 (Hecker)

Outlet

Nozzle ID

in

Liquid rate

m³/h

Available submergence (optional)

m

Engineering Basis

Outlet velocity V = Q/((π/4)d²); Froude Fr = V/√(g·d).
Critical submergence S_c/d = 1 + 2.3·Fr (ANSI/HI 9.8).
Adequate if available submergence ≥ S_c; fit a vortex breaker regardless.
Standards: ANSI/HI 9.8 (Pump Intake Design) / Hecker 1987.