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Flare Knockout Drum Sizing

Safety & relief · Two-phase KO drum · API 521 §5.4.2

Horizontal Flare Knockout Drum
Sizes a horizontal KO drum for two-phase relief by droplet settling (drag-iteration terminal velocity) and liquid holdup, per API 521 §5.4.2. Half-full assumption; reports vapor-settling vs liquid-limited geometry.

Vapor

kg/h
°C
kPaa
cP

Liquid & Geometry

kg/h
kg/m³
µm
min

Engineering Basis

  • Terminal velocity vt from the drag-coefficient method (Schiller-Naumann Cd-Re iteration).
  • Half-full drum: D = √(4Qv/(π·(L/D)·vt)), L = (L/D)·D; droplet falls ≤ D/2 over length L.
  • Liquid holdup: required = QL·thold vs available (π/8)D²L; length extended if liquid-limited.
  • ρV = P·MW/RT (ideal gas); typical droplet cutoff 300-600 µm.
  • Standards: API 521 7th Ed §5.4.2, GPSA EDB 14th Ed §7.