💨

Hot Rich-Oil Flash Tank Calculator

GPSA Ch. 16

Hot Rich-Oil Flash Tank Calculator
Sizes flash tank vessels where hot rich oil from the absorber is flashed at reduced pressure to release dissolved light gases (C₁, C₂) before entering the oil purification still. Uses Rachford-Rice flash equilibrium to determine vapor/liquid split and composition per GPSA Ch. 16.
GPSA Ch. 16 ASME VIII
Calculation Mode:
Design: Size hot rich-oil flash tank from oil flow, flash conditions, and gas loading.

Rich Oil Feed

GPM
°F
g/mol
SCF/gal
psig

Flash Conditions

psig
°F

Gas Composition in Oil (mol%)

mol%
mol%
mol%
mol%

Vessel Parameters

min
%

Typical Flash Tank Parameters

ParameterTypical Range
Flash Pressure50–200 psig
Flash Temperature100–200°F
Retention Time3–10 min
L/D Ratio2.5–4.0
KSB (Flash Drum)0.10–0.20
Vapor Fraction30–80%

Engineering Basis

Rachford-Rice Flash Equation:

∑ zi(Ki − 1) / [1 + V/F(Ki − 1)] = 0

Solved iteratively for vapor fraction V/F. K-values depend on component volatility and pressure ratio. Methane and ethane preferentially flash; propane and heavier remain in liquid.

Function: The hot rich-oil flash tank liberates dissolved light gases at reduced pressure before the oil enters the purification still. This reduces vapor loading on the still and recovers fuel gas.

Design Guidelines

Flash Pressure: Lower flash pressure liberates more gas but requires a larger vessel and may flash C₃+ components. Typical flash pressure is 75–150 psig.
Retention Time: Minimum 5 minutes liquid retention for proper degassing. Foaming oils may require 8–10 minutes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a hot rich-oil flash tank?

A hot rich-oil flash tank is a vessel where heated rich oil from an absorber is flashed at reduced pressure to release dissolved light gases (C₁, Cā‚‚) before entering the oil purification still. It is sized per GPSA Ch. 16.

What method is used for flash equilibrium calculations?

The calculator uses the Rachford-Rice flash equilibrium method to determine the vapor/liquid split and composition at the specified flash temperature and pressure per GPSA Ch. 16.

How is flash tank retention time determined?

Retention time ensures adequate liquid-vapor separation and typically ranges from 3 to 10 minutes depending on oil viscosity and flash severity. The calculator uses retention time with liquid flow rate to size the vessel.

What standards apply to flash tank vessel design?

Flash tank vessels are designed per ASME Section VIII for pressure containment. The calculator determines vessel diameter, length, wall thickness, and estimated weight based on design pressure and the Rachford-Rice flash results.