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NGL Recovery Optimization

GPSA 14th Ed. · GPA 2145 · Ethane, Propane & C4+ Recovery Economics

NGL Recovery Optimization Calculator
Material balance model using GPSA liquid yield factors (Table 23-2) for cryogenic and refrigeration-based NGL recovery. Calculates liquid yields, GPM content, residue gas properties, Wobbe Index, and frac spread economics.

Feed Gas Composition

MMSCFD
mol%
mol%
mol%
mol%
Est. GPM: 3.27 (Rich)
Balance assumed to be methane + inerts

Operating Mode

Turboexpander + External Refrigeration Cryogenic operation: -120°F to -150°F demethanizer. Typical for petrochemical feedstock markets. GSP or RSV process.
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%
%

Product Pricing (Mont Belvieu basis)

$/gal
$/gal
$/gal
$/gal
$/MMBtu
Leave at 0 for volume-only calculation

Process Selection Guide

Process Temp C₂ Rec C₃ Rec
GSP/RSV/SCORE -140°F 90-98% 99%+
Turboexpander -120°F 75-90% 96-99%
JT + Refrig -80°F 30-60% 85-95%
Mech Refrig -40°F 10-25% 70-85%
Lean Oil Ambient 3-8% 50-70%
GPSA Liquid Yield Factors (gal/MSCF)
ComponentFactor
Ethane (C₂)26.59
Propane (C₃)27.46
n-Butane (nC₄)31.44
i-Butane (iC₄)32.64
n-Pentane (C₅)35.95
Source: GPSA 14th Ed., Table 23-2 · GPA 2145

Residue Gas Specifications

Typical US pipeline tariff requirements:

  • Heating Value: 950–1,100 BTU/SCF (gross)
  • Wobbe Index: 1,310–1,390
  • HC Dewpoint: < 15°F @ 800 psig (HCDP)
  • CO₂: < 2 mol%
  • H₂S: < 4 ppmv (0.25 grain/100 SCF)
  • Total Sulfur: < 20 ppmv
Wobbe Index (Burner Interchangeability)
W = HV / √SG

Economic Considerations

  • Frac Spread: NGL value minus shrinkage gas value - key economics driver
  • Ethane Rejection: Common when C₂ price < 35% of propane value
  • Mode Flexibility: Plants designed for 2-3 operating modes add optionality value
  • Operating Cost: ~$0.08-0.20/gal NGL for cryogenic plants (fuel + power)
Rule of Thumb: Rich gas (>3 GPM) typically justifies turboexpander; lean gas (<1.5 GPM) may favor JT/refrigeration only or bypass.

Technical Notes

Calculation Methodology

Material balance using GPSA liquid yield factors to estimate NGL production from specified recovery targets. Conversion from gas volume (MSCF) to liquid volume (gallons):

GPD = MMSCFD × 1000 × mol% × Rec% × gal/MSCF

where gal/MSCF = (1000/379.49) × MW / ρliquid

Assumptions & Limitations

  • Ideal gas molar volume: 379.49 SCF/lbmol @ 60°F, 14.696 psia
  • Feed gas balance assumed to be methane (no N₂/CO₂ correction)
  • Butanes modeled as 40/60 iC₄/nC₄ mix (GPSA typical)
  • C₅+ recovery fixed at 99.9%
  • Heating values are gross (HHV) basis per GPA 2145
  • Liquid densities @ 60°F from GPSA Table 23-2

References

  • GPSA (SI)
  • GPA Standard 2145 - Physical Constants
  • Campbell, J.M., "Gas Conditioning and Processing", Vol. 2
  • Arnold & Stewart, "Surface Production Operations", Vol. 2